Fossil frontoparietal of A. rexroadensis, (UMMVP 40139) Blancan, Kansas, holotype specimen (actual length 12.4 mm) (Tihen, 1962; Figure 55)
Illustration of the ilia of an from immature individual referred
to A. rexroadensis (Tihen, 1962; figure 55).
AMPHIBIA (Amphibians) ANURA (Frogs) BUFONIDAE (True Toads)
Rexroad Toad
†Anaxyrus rexroadensis
(Tihen 1962)
ăn-ăk-sĕr'-ōs — rĕx-rōd-ĕn'-sĭs
Conservation Status:
Extinct
Diagnosis:
A moderately large Anaxyrus of the americanus group
with heavy supraorbital and postorbital crests meeting each other at
an obtuse angle; crests greatly thickened at this point of juncture, but
not covering the entire posterior portion of the bone; ilium (if associations
have been made correctly) with a very high prominence having
subequal anterior and posterior slopes, or with the anterior slope slightly
steeper; sacral centrum short; crests of the sacral neural arch usually
meet in a broad, subangular arc (Tihen, 1962).
Distribution:
UMMVP 40139, a virtually complete right
frontoparietal. Fox Canyon Locality (Sec. 35, Twp. 34 S, R. 30 W), Rexroad
Formation, of Blancan age, Meade County, Kansas. Collected by C. W. Hibbard
and party, 1952.
(, Museum Voucher) (, Observation) (, Literature Record) (, iNat Record), ( Fossil)
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Full range depicted by light shaded red area.
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Occurrence Summary:
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Records
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Museum Vouchers
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Other Observations
Some county occurrences indicated below may be too imprecise to map above.
County Breakdown: County Name (# occurrences):
Remarks:
Bufo rexroadensis was based on a frontoparietal
(holotype, UMMP 40139), and other
disassembled elements, from the Pliocene or early
Pleistocene (Blancan NALMA) of Fox Canyon
(Kansas, U.S.A.) (Tihen, 1962). In its taxonomic
history (see Martín & Sanchiz, 2012), this toad has
been considered a member of the Bufo (americanus)
species group, and in the recent critical
review by Bever (2005), its iliac morphology overlaps
those of several living species, all of which are
currently included in the genus Anaxyrus.
Therefore, Martin et al. (2012) proposed the use of Anaxyrus rexroadensis (Tihen,
1962) combination nova for this species.
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1962
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Tihen, Joseph A. A review of new world fossil bufonids. American Midland Naturalist 68(1):1-50
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2012
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Martin, Carolina (Albaladejo), Borja Sanchiz, and Miguel Angel Alonso-Zarazaga. Nomenclatural notes on living and fossil amphibians. Graellsia 68(1):159-180
References Kansas specimens of Bufo hibbardi from Edson Quarry, Bufo pliocompactilis from WaKeeney, Bufo repentinus from Cragin Quarry, Bufo rexroadensis and Bufo suspectus from Fox Canyon, Bufo spongifrons from Long Island Quarry, and nine Rana from Rexroad.
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